Hernia - Symptoms, Risk factors and Treatment

Last Updated On Thursday, March 28, 2024

Hernia in Urdu

ہرنیا کا مطلب ہے جب آپ کے جسم میں کوئی عضو یا ٹشو آپ کے پٹھوں میں کمزور جگہ سے باہر نکلتا ہے۔ زیادہ تر ہرنیا خطرناک نہیں ہوتے لیکن، بعض اوقات، پیچیدگیاں پیدا ہو سکتی ہیں، اور انہیں ٹھیک کرنے کے لیے سرجری کی ضرورت پڑ سکتی ہے۔

Hernia in English

Hernia means when an organ or tissue in your body protrudes through a weak spot in your muscles. Most hernias are not dangerous but, sometimes, complications may arise, and surgery may be required to fix them.


Types of hernia:

Hernia can be divided into four different types on the basis of their location. Most hernias are located near the abdomen and thighs. 


1.Umbilical hernia: This is when fatty tissue or organ protrudes near the umbilicus (belly button).


2.Inguinal hernia: Inguinal hernia is the most common type of hernia. The inguinal canal is a passage from which reproductive structures pass in men and women. This area is weak and more vulnerable to a hernia. Inguinal hernia is eight times more common in males than females.


3.Femoral hernia: In this type of hernia, part of the intestine or fatty tissue bulges through the femoral canal, part on the top of your thigh. It is more common in women in old age.


4.Hiatal hernia: This is when your stomach bulges through your diaphragm into the chest cavity. Since the hernia is not on the abdominal wall, there is no visible bulge for this type of hernia.


What causes a hernia?


Hernias occur due to the weakening of muscles. It could be due to:


  • Physical activity
  • Pregnancy
  • Chronic constipation
  • Obesity
  • Long term cough
  • Giving birth


Certain factors increase the risk of getting a hernia such as :


  • Genetics
  • Increased age
  • Male gender


Symptoms of hernia:

Hernia represents a visible bulge on the abdominal wall or thigh. This bulge may be pushed back in and can reappear when you strain your muscles during activities like:


  • Laughing
  • Crying
  • Coughing
  • Physical activity


Other symptoms of hernia include:


  • Pain at the site of the bulge
  • Feeling of pressure in the groin
  • Constant dull aching sensation
  • Increase in the size of the bulge
  • Pain when coughing, lifting, or straining the muscles
  • A dragging sensation at the affected site



Complications of hernia:

 

Complications of a hernia include:


-Obstruction: Part of your bowel such as the intestine may get trapped in the hernia and cause bowel obstruction. It blocks the normal movement of the food down the intestine.


-Strangulation: This means that the intestine is entrapped in the hernia in such a way that its blood supply is cut off. It can cause the death of the affected tissue. A strangulated hernia is life-threatening and requires immediate surgery.


The signs and symptoms of a complicated hernia include:


  • Nausea
  • vomiting 
  • Fever
  • Intense pain that arises suddenly
  • Inability to pass gas
  • A hernia that looks red or purplish


Treatment of hernia:


Hernias usually do not get better with time, and surgery is the only way to get a hernia repaired. Your doctor will advise you if you need surgery or not. 


Prevention of hernia:


A hernia can be prevented by the following strategies:


  • Maintain a healthy weight
  • Exercise regularly
  • Eat food rich in fiber to avoid constipation
  • Don’t lift very heavy objects
  • When lifting weights, make sure to use the correct technique
  • Avoid anything that triggers cough, such as cigarette smoking


If you have chronic cough or constipation, consult your doctor to get it treated


Conclusion:

Timely treatment of hernia can prevent life-threatening complications such as strangulation and obstruction. With surgery, a hernia can be repaired. If you notice any bulge on your abdomen or thighs, get it checked by a doctor.


Frequently Asked Questions

Hernia meaning in urdu is Bad khaya باد خایہ . A hernia is a medical condition in which an organ or tissue protrudes through an abdominal wall or muscle. Hernias occur most commonly in the abdominal wall, but can also occur in the groin, navel, or other areas of the body. The most common types of hernias are inguinal hernias, femoral hernias, and umbilical hernias. Symptoms of a hernia may include a visible bulge in the affected area, pain or discomfort, and swelling. Treatment for a hernia may involve surgical repair to reduce the risk of complications.

The main cause of hernias is a weakening of the muscles or connective tissue in the abdominal wall. This can be due to age, genetics, physical exertion, obesity, pregnancy, frequent coughing, or straining on the toilet due to constipation. Hiatal hernias may be caused by a weakening of the diaphragm with age or pressure on the abdomen.

The first signs of a hernia include a noticeable lump or bulge that can be pushed back in, or that can disappear when lying down. Other symptoms may include swelling or bulge in the groin or scrotum, increased pain at the site of the bulge, pain while lifting, increase in the bulge size over time, a dull aching sensation, and a sense of feeling full or signs of bowel obstruction.

People with hernias may experience a variety of symptoms, depending on the type and severity of the hernia. Common symptoms include pain, discomfort, pressure, or a feeling of heaviness in the affected area. In the case of hiatal hernias, symptoms may include heartburn, indigestion, difficulty swallowing, frequent regurgitation (bringing food back up), and chest pain.

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